There are two kinds of feminists in this world. Well, actually, there’s a fair few more than that. However, for the sake of your sanity, there will be no prospectus of modern feminism here, just the mild observation that there are those feminists who think that gender is natural in origin and there are those who don’t.
Like Greens Senator Larissa Waters, who this week lent her support to a genderless toy campaign called No Gender December, my view tends to the latter and holds that the social function of biological sex is to act as an alibi for gender difference. This is a pretty usual feminist view and is really no different in its opposition to sociobiological thinking than, say, that to racial theories of physical anthropology. The idea that there’s anything much in the world more essentially male than it is female, or white than it is brown, is ideological pants and the insistence that men and women are “just different” is a baseless work best left to FM radio announcers and most often rewarded not by Nobel but with a box full of icy cold cans of Coke.
So. If we hold, as the Greens spokesperson for women and I do, that the Battle of the Sexes is of an entirely social devising and functions not as an outcrop of our “essential” humanity but as a means of sustaining certain kinds of cultural inequality and divided wealth, we should do something about it, right? We should look at the origins of this alibi and expose them and afford the culture no excuse to conceal the cruel and oppressive work of centuries. We must give injustice no fruitful or covert conditions!
Well, obviously. We agree.
It’s at this point Waters and I disagree on the most ethical and effective methods of seeking this justice, and I just can’t agree that a good way toward it is parliamentary endorsement for the exchange of genderless gifts.
This is for a few reasons, but none of them coincide with the many published responses to Waters’ endorsement.
Waters delivered the Murdoch press its favourite kind of festive gift when she lent her support to a campaign of social engineering. No Gender December urges parent consumers to free their issue from the gendered forcing house of Toys’R’Us by buying “neutral” toys. It’s a pretty easy thing to take the piss out of, and News lit up like a Christmas tree with a string of its usual political-correctness-gone-mad baubles. The Daily Telegraph used its front page to decry the Senator who was not only “hell-bent on ruining the economy” but the very spirit of the season.
What followed this week was a range of works berating the Tele for berating the Senator and upholding the idea, with soft recourse to some studies, that the division of toys into pink and blue was a Harmful Gender Discourse.
There is rarely any point in countering claims by the Tele so let’s not bother with that. Those guys will whine about the pointless busywork of the Left until a global market is traded in seashells upchucked by the filthy tsunami they refuse to attribute to climate change. But Waters’ point is wrong in ways that deserve a little more attention.
“You can take away the play Joint II Strike Fighters or Baby’s First Erotic Pole Dance and you’ll find you still have gender.”
First, it sort of seems like upside-down thinking to me to say that toys feed “into very serious problems such as domestic violence and the gender pay gap”. I would have thought it was the other way around. Even if we accept that the handful of studies cited by Waters and her supporters prove that gender discrimination is sustained by toys, it is difficult to imagine that some other discourse would not fill the gap left on the sanitised shelves. My parents’ generation was largely doomed to an infant leisure guided only by tin cans and sticks but they managed to divide themselves into gender categories with great efficiency. In speech, in appearance and in the very stuff of ourselves, gender identity takes hold to preserve unequal social relations. And this is not, by any means, a natural process — after years of fretting about this sort of shit, I think it’s a social process best described by material psychoanalysis — but it is not one that is going to be reversed or even mildly troubled by the availability of purple toys. You can take away the play Joint II Strike Fighters or Baby’s First Erotic Pole Dance and you’ll find you still have gender.
Second, Waters’ thinking necessarily leads to a kind of genderless radicalism about which I fantasise, but for which I have no realistic hope to see in the next half-millennium. Which is to say, if we believe that gender is something that should not be taught and we also believe that gender does not exist outside its social frameworks, we believe in getting rid of it. And, in utopian instants, I do. The notion of the end of an identity that feeds, much better than a “stereotyping” toy does, an era filled with two kinds of people and two kinds of rules is the stuff of constructivist porn. But it’s hardly the stuff of real-world aims. If you don’t believe in gender — and again, many feminists including myself hold gender to be socially created fiction — then you don’t believe in a more acceptable kind of gender; namely, one that produces less obvious pink and blue signs of itself. Gender is gender, whatever its ornaments.
So, this sort of genderless imagining is — duh — entirely academic and, save for a few naive Scandinavian experiments that reward parents who dress their genderless children in pink dungarees or whatever, it doesn’t exist outside the pages of Foucault. Because it’s big and hazy and it exists in the stuff of ourselves. And that’s a place that parliamentarians have no business managing.
Governments can, and should be reasonably expected to, materially assist broad feminist aims. They can legislate for equal pay and recognise and amend other unequal, or harmful, conditions that occur as the result of the (fictional) class of gender. Governments can, and must, recognise that economic systems are opportunistic in their use of cultural systems like gender and race. They can legislate against discrimination and remove discriminatory legislation and work tirelessly to engineer an economy that refuses to endorse or utilise cultural discrimination.
But what they cannot do is end the cultural discrimination itself. If we accept — and I am supposing that Waters does — that the idea of gender is fundamental to the idea we have of ourselves, then you can’t go about trying to change that. You can certainly and must certainly amend its consequences, but you can’t tell anyone — as if you’d have a hope of it being heard in any case — that the idea of gender is wrong.
Of course, I can. This is because I am a sad old constructivist to whom very few people listen. But a parliamentarian has as much business in the cultural destruction of gender as they do in its maintenance.
Predictably, that sack of reeking ideology made more foetid by Christian misunderstanding Cory Bernardi attacked Waters with claims that gender was “real”. Well, frankly his view of sociobiology is as unwelcome in Canberra as Waters’ claims — with which I happen to agree — that gender is not natural.
Gender is an enormous, powerful fiction sustained by discourses we are yet to recognise and reproduced by means that inhere in the very stuff of our male and female identities. Parliamentarians are welcomed, and encouraged, to change the material conditions in which we male and female identities live. But they have got to stay out of our heads.


21 thoughts on “Razer’s Class Warfare: gender is a social construct, but leave the Barbies alone”
Lehan Ramsay
December 4, 2014 at 9:38 pmShake! Shake! Shake your Bubbie!
Norman Hanscombe
December 4, 2014 at 10:06 pmI’d hoped the absurd barbie doll distraction was over, but we still have zealots so caught up with trivia that few notice the absurdity of assertions implying gender is merely a learned outcome.
When will Western Society evaluate gender / sex differences using scientific methods as the relevant discipline?
Gavin Moodie
December 4, 2014 at 11:31 pmI am not sure I agree with the general point. Politics must of course try to prevent racist acts, to use a different example, but shouldn’t is also try to prevent racist thoughts?
Helen Razer
December 5, 2014 at 1:20 amAaron, I have read much of the research and seen Dr Fine’s thoughts on the matter and I remain unconvinced that toys are a significant “discourse”, as the language has it.
And I remain confused as to why we seem to believe that gender is a latter day creation. It existed before middle class children were given toys. It will outlast the “responsible” (although we could argue that there is nothing responsible at all about the volume of things children now own) recommendations. And it will certainly persist if we keep believing that a thing that has existed so long is the result of a new influence. If we keep putting our efforts into remediating the evidence and not the cause, we’re stuffed.
As for the earlier commenter’s view that it’s “outrageous” to challenge the idea of gender (not the same as biological sex; this is such a basic distinction that I am not going to bother explaining it to you) it’s pretty usual these days. So if you’re surprised by it, it’s only because you red so little.
bronwyn hazell
December 5, 2014 at 8:00 am“And it will certainly persist if we keep believing that a thing that has existed so long is the result of a new influence. If we keep putting our efforts into remediating the evidence and not the cause, we’re stuffed”THIS!
Historians of ancient cultures (myself included) look to toys and trinkets as evidence of gender signifiers, but NOT as a cause of gender constructs.
As for Barbie, she can tell us as much about Capitalism as she can about gender.
Helen Razer
December 5, 2014 at 9:21 amGavin Moodie. I absolutely think government has no place in regulating thought. I am surprised anyone would argue for this?
Gavin Moodie
December 5, 2014 at 9:38 amThanx Helen.
Of course governments shouldn’t even try to regulate thought, even if they could. But they routinely try to influence their citizens’ character and thinking by promoting, for example, nationalism, tolerance and democratic values. I am ambivalent about this since I can see the benefits of people not being racist in thought as well as deed. However, the potential for abuse is so great maybe governments should keep out of the indoctrination business entirely.
Malcolm Street
December 5, 2014 at 10:26 amAre you seriously saying that there are no inherent gender differences other than genitalia? There’s plenty of research showing differences between the functioning of male and female human brains, notably a greater emphasis on spatial relations in the former and social relations in the latter.
One particularly interesting example is a Catalyst program a while back on the role of testosterone:
“Adjunct Professor Richard Wassersug [who was on a prostate cancer treatment that stopped testosterone production]
Well, testosterone drives male libido. And I’ve found I was less drawn by an attractive woman’s body as it went by, but I also found that faces were very much more interesting and that I could appreciate what people’s expressions were, and women are far more attentive to facial expressions.
NARRATION
Now, Richard’s hardly alone. Studies tracking eye movement have shown that while men are fast to fixate on breasts, the hip-to-waist ratio and the faces of women, women are likely to focus more quickly on faces. Women also have more empathy – another quality related to testosterone levels.
Associate Professor Tom Denson
In general, men with higher levels of testosterone are lower in empathy, they’re less attendant fathers and also, if you experimentally give people testosterone versus a placebo, then they’re often impaired at recognising emotional displays in people’s faces.”
Another program I saw some years back followed the progress of a transexual transitioning from female to male – brain scans before and after (after meaning testosterone supplements) showed different areas of the brain lighting up *for the same task*.
You may claim this is socio-biology. It isn’t – it’s biology. It’s the bedrock on which we build social roles.
I have a post-retirement job in a toy and hobby shop. Of the many customers who build plastic models, only two are women, interestingly both interested in film and S/F subjects. With our biggest seller, Lego, we sold stuff-all Lego to girls until the Friends range came out – they sell like hot-cakes. Why? They are set in a framework of social interaction!
Helen Razer
December 5, 2014 at 3:47 pmLeaving aside that Catalyst is hardly considered a science program of record and has been widely critiqued by the scientific community as a populist font of nonsense that seeks to please crowds more than it does healthy curiosity, what on earth can you mean “set in a framework of social interaction”.
It is an assumption that human beings are “natural” and behave “naturally” and one identified and questioned by some of history’s greatest thinkers including Aristotle (“humankind is by nature social” and that’s all that we know), Freud, Marx and Nietzsche.
What you accept as fact—we are socially organised in accordance with our natural urges—many question. It is not outrageous to say that we don’t know much about how we would behave in a “natural” state and it is pretty reasonable to question those state-of-nature accounts that informed the worst of the Enlightenment and continue to fuel that psuedo-science, evolutionary biology.
Say we did “prove” that there was a biological rationale for our social organisation. Say it was proven (and it has been before by “science”) that white people are naturally more industrious than brown people or that men are more naturally inclined to leadership than men? Is this biological rationale (and I really effing doubt there could ever be one truly objectively proven) sufficient to continue doing things the way we have?
All your claims about spatial awareness and intuitive thinking and visual understanding and what have you have been upturned as nonsense by other neuroscientists.
Believe if you will that there is a “gay gene” (and people have looked pretty hard and haven’t found one) or that some people are more “naturally” inclined to social dominance than others. Just don’t bring science into it. Because sexual science, like racial science, is deeply politicised bunkum.
Also. Good luck with finding a “state of mature” brain to study. As soon as you find someone completely untouched by society, make sure you get them in an MRI ASAP.
Malcolm Street
December 6, 2014 at 7:37 am“Is this biological rationale (and I really effing doubt there could ever be one truly objectively proven) sufficient to continue doing things the way we have?”
I’m saying we should continue doing things the way we are. It’s just that IMHO *whatever* the form of social organisation while there will be a large overlap in roles and behaviour there will still be differences *because our brains function differently*.